Table 3 BMI at six-year assessment (kg/m2) as predictor and dental caries at six-year assessment as outcome.

From: A twin study of body mass index and dental caries in childhood

Factor

Any caries

Advanced caries

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Unadjusted P-value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)*

Adjusted P-value*

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Unadjusted P-value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)*

Adjusted P-value*

(n = 344)

(n = 344)

(n = 325)

(n = 325)

(n = 344)

(n = 344)

(n = 325)

(n = 325)

BMI (kg/m2)

1.09 (0.94, 1.26)

0.27

1.04 (0.90, 1.21)

0.58

1.04 (0.89, 1.23)

0.62

1.03 (0.88, 1.20)

0.74

BMI categories

Normal BMI

1

Ref

1

Ref

1

Ref

1

Ref

Underweight

1.15 (0.56, 2.37)

0.70

1.10 (0.49, 2.44)

0.82

0.93(0.42, 2.05)

0.86

0.86 (0.35, 2.12)

0.74

Overweight or obese

1.16 (0.57, 2.38)

0.68

0.99 (0.45, 2.18)

0.99

1.11 (0.50, 2.47)

0.80

1.05 (0.46, 2.41)

0.91

Within/Between-Pair analysis

Within-pair

0.96 (0.75, 1.22)

0.73

0.91 (0.72, 1.17)

0.47

0.72 (0.55, 0.94)

0.02

0.68 (0.52, 0.90)

0.01

Between-pair

1.15 (0.96, 1.39)

0.13

1.13 (0.94, 1.36)

0.19

1.21 (0.99, 1.47)

0.06

1.20 (0.99, 1.46)

0.06

  1. *Within pair analyses adjusted for sex and sugar consumption, overall analysis adjusted for sex, age, community water fluoridation, sugar consumption, tooth brushing and SEIFA, **The outcomes when using BMI standardised for age and sex were similar to those when raw BMI scores were used.