Table 1 Patient Characteristics. Demographic and medical details of kidney transplant patients and rejection therapy. Treatment of rejection started 5 days before and continued for up to 19 days after biopsy. SD, standard deviation; WBC, white blood cell count; RBC, red blood cell count; DoA, Day of Analysis.

Mean age ± SD

49 (±18)

58 (±18)

56 (±13)

47 (±14)

Female/Male

4/10

1/6

6/12

10/14

Living donor/deceased donor transplant

6/6, 2 unknown

2/4, 1 unknown

6/11, 1 unknown

10/14

Primary disease

2x IgA nephropathy,

2x diabetic nephropathy,

1x fanconi syndrome,

2x glomerulonephritis,

1x urinary reflux with megaureter,

6x unknown

1x hypertensive nephropathy,

1x alport syndrome,

1x IgA nephropathy,

1x glomerulonephritis,

1x diabetic nephropathy,

2x unknown

1x glomerulonephritis,

1x lupus nephritis,

4x IgA nephropathy,

1x cardiorenal syndrome,

5x diabetic nephropathy,

1x alport syndrome,

1x hypertensive nephropathy,

2x ADPKD, 2x unknown

4x ADPKD, 2x IgA nephropathy,

2x reflux nephropathy,

1x renal cell carcinoma,

4x glomerulonephritis,

2x alport syndrome,

1x drug-induced nephritis,

2x diabetic nephropathy,

2x hypertensive nephropathy,

1x atypic hemolytic uremic syndrome,

3x unknown

Treatment for rejection

7x methylprednisolone,

3x anti-thymocyte globulin and methylprednisolone,

1x anti-thymocyte globulin,

1x methylprednisolone and

IgG therapy,

2x no specific treatment

1x methylprednisolone,

1x cyclophosphamide,

1x plasmapheresis and IgG therapy

and anti-thymocyte globulin,

1x methylprednisolone

and plasmapheresis,

3x no specific treatment

4x methylprednisolone,

1x anti-thymocyte globulin,

13x no specific treatment

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Basic immuosuppression

4x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + prednisone, 5x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + methylprednisolone, 3x tacrolimus + mycophenolate,

1x tacrolimus, 1x cyclosporine

3x tacrolimus + mycophenolate,

1x mycophenolate + cyclosporine,

1x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + prednisone,

1x everolimus + mycophenolate + methylprednisolone,

1x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + methylprednisolone

9x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + methylprednisolone,

4x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + prednisone,

2x tacrolimus + mycophenolate,

1x mycophenolate + cyclosporine,

1x tacrolimus + everolimus + methylprednisolone,

1x tacrolimus + azathioprine + methylprednisolone

9x tacrolimus + mycophenolate + methylprednisolone, 9x tacrolimus + mycophenolate,

3x mycophenolate + cyclosporine, 1x everolimus + mycophenolate, 1x mycophenolate + prednisone, 1x none

Level of steriods

2x methylprednisolone 8 mg,

3x methylprednisolone 4 mg,

1x prednisone 125 mg,

1x prednisone 24 mg,

1x prednisone 5 mg,

1x prednisone 4 mg

1x methylprednisolone 4 mg,

1x methylprednisolone 2 mg,

1x prednisone 2 mg

9x methylprednisolone 4 mg,

1x methylprednisone 8 mg,

1x methylprednisolone 24 mg,

1x prednisone 2.5 mg,

1x prednisone 4 mg,

1x prednisone 7.5 mg,

1x prednisone 250 mg

1x methylprednisolone 10 mg, 1x methylprednisolone 8 mg,

4x methylprednisolone 4 mg,

3x methylprednisolone 2 mg,

1x prednisone 5 mg

CNI Level median (range)

7.90 (9.74) ng/ml

5.6 (0.7) ng/ml

13.97 (21.6) ng/ml

6.19 (11.86) ng/ml

GFR median (range) DoA

23.57 (77) ml/min/1.73 m²

21.28 (32) ml/min/1.73 m²

23.61 (54) ml/min/1.73 m²

53.34 (93) ml/min/1.73 m²

Creatinine median (range) DoA

7.82 (44.95) mg/dl

3.1 (2.39) mg/dl

3.66 (10.14) mg/dl

1.54 (3.39) mg/dl

Urea median (range)

95.37 (208.8) mg/dl

133.71 (96) mg/dl

105.33 (165) mg/dl

57 (119) mg/dl

Urinary protein-creatinine ratio median (range) DoA

547.48 (1807.6) mg/g creatinine

1357.2 (1918) mg/g creatinine

1523.44 (4588) mg/g creatinine

426.42 (4298) mg/g creatinine

Urine volume ± SD

111 (±39) ml

120 (±50) ml

84 (±45) ml

76 (±34) ml

Proteinuria median (range)

30 (100) mg/dl

65 (300) mg/dl

22.5 (2000) mg/dl

0 (100) mg/dl

Leucocyturia median (range)

0 (125) WBC/μl

0 (0) WBC/μl

0 (70) WBC/μl

0 (70) WBC/μl

Erythrocyturia median (range)

200 (200) RBC/μl

5 (200) RBC/μl

80 (200) RBC/μl

0 (80) RBC/μl

Days after transplant median (range)

66.5 (9524)

3368 (1833)

105 (5970)

2067 (7349)