Figure 2

(a) Theoretical model for the impedance change for cells and beads as a function of frequency when beads or cells pass over sensor. (b) The electrical equivalent circuit model of a two electrode pair system with a cell suspended in buffer. Cdl: double layer capacitance, Rs: solution resistance, ΔR: representing the occlusion of ions passing between the electrodes due to the cell volume, Cm: membrane capacitance, Rc: cytoplasm resistance.