Figure 2
Co-infection of primary hepatocytes from chimeric mice with HBV and HCV. (A–E) PHHs were incubated with HCV (50 MOI) for 3 days, followed by incubation with HBV (500 GEq/cell) for 1 day to develop HBV/HCV-co-infected PHHs. (A) Schematic of the experimental procedure. (B) Representative pictures of immunofluorescent staining for HBc and NS5A after HBV incubation, HBc- and NS5A-positive cell ratios in HBV/HCV-co-infected PHHs and HBV-infected PHHs after HBV incubation. The white bar in the pictures is a scale bar indicating 200 µm. (C) mRNA expression levels of RIG-I, ISG15, and ISG56 4 days after HBV incubation (n = 4). (D) HBV DNA and HBs antigen levels in the supernatant 4 days and 9 days after HBV incubation (n = 4). (E) pgRNA levels at 4 days after HBV incubation (n = 4). F-G. PHHs were treated with siISG15 and/or siISG56 twice at 3 days before inoculated with HCV and at the same time of HCV inoculation. PHHs were incubated with HCV for 3 days, followed by incubation with HBV for 1 day. (F) Schematic of the experimental procedure with siRNA. (G) ISG15, ISG56 and pgRNA levels at 4 days after HBV incubation (n = 4). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.
