Figure 7
Typical putative carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in corollas of IoXES-OX, SlXES-OX, and TeXES-OX plants. GA3P, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; DXS, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase; DOXP, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate; MEP, 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclodisphosphate; IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate; IPI, IPP isomerase; GGPP, geranylgeranyl diphosphate; GGPS, GGPP synthase; PSY, phytoene synthase; PDS, phytoene desaturase; Z-ISO, 15-cis-ζ-carotene isomerase; ZDS, ζ-carotene desaturase; CRTISO, carotenoid isomerase; LCYB, lycopene β-ring cyclase; LCYE, lycopene ε-ring cyclase; CHYB, β-ring hydroxylase; CHYE, ε-ring hydroxylase; CHYB/CYP97A, cytochrome P450-type β-ring hydroxylase; CHYE/CYP97C, cytochrome P450-type ε-ring hydroxylase; ZEP, zeaxanthin epoxidase; NCED2, 9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase 2; ABA, abscisic acid; CCD1, carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1; PhXES, Petunia hybrida xanthophyll esterase; IoXES, Ipomoea obscura XES; SlXES, Solanum lycopersicum XES; TeXES, Tagetes erecta XES. Expression of genes in bold was enhanced when XES genes were exogenously introduced.
