Table 3 Subgroup analyses of crude and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of depression for peptic ulcer according to age and sex.

From: Reciprocal association between depression and peptic ulcers: Two longitudinal follow-up studies using a national sample cohort

Characteristics

Hazard ratios for Peptic ulcer

Crude†

P-value

Adjusted†‡

P-value

Age <40 years old, men (n = 18,245)

   Depression

1.30 (1.13–1.49)

<0.001*

1.17 (1.02–1.35)

0.029*

   Control I

1.00

 

1.00

 

Age <40 years old, women (n = 33,100)

   Depression

1.36 (1.22–1.51)

<0.001*

1.25 (1.12–1.39)

<0.001*

   Control I

1.00

 

1.00

 

Age 40–59 years old, men (n = 20,185)

   Depression

1.25 (1.12–1.39)

<0.001*

1.15 (1.03–1.28)

0.015*

   Control I

1.00

 

1.00

 

Age 40–59 years old, women (n = 37,775)

   Depression

1.26 (1.17–1.36)

<0.001*

1.15 (1.06–1.24)

<0.001*

   Control I

1.00

 

1.00

 

Age ≥60 years old, men (n = 13,750)

   Depression

1.01 (0.87–1.17)

0.926

0.90 (0.78–1.05)

0.167

   Control I

1.00

 

1.00

 

Age ≥60 years old, women (n = 28,475)

   Depression

1.23 (1.11–1.36)

<0.001*

1.11 (1.00–1.23)

0.053

   Control I

1.00

 

1.00

 
  1. *Cox-proportional hazard regression model, Significance at P < 0.05
  2. †Stratified model for age, sex, income, and region of residence.
  3. ‡Adjusted model for Charlson Comorbidity index calculated without peptic ulcer.
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