Figure 3

Shorecast predictions (2014–2017, blind test). Model outputs (see legends) compared to observations (black) (a) Hybrid models (b) Machine Learning models (c) HM and ML ensemble (d) Multi-model ensemble (e) Rotation models (f) Hybrid models ensemble for beach rotation. Dark shadows in the ensembles figures represent one standard deviation of the models prediction. Light shadows represent maxima/minima envelope of the models predictions. See Methods section and Supporting Information for model details.