Table 1 Comparison of demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters for SCA patients with ACS and without ACS.
From: Predictors of impending acute chest syndrome in patients with sickle cell anaemia
Parameters | Cases (92) | Controls (20) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demography | |||
Median age in years (IQR) | 28(7.75) | 26(6.25) | 0.432# |
Sex, Total cases, n, M: F | 63:29 | 12:8 | |
Median age in years, males (IQR) | 27(7) | — | |
Median age in years, females (IQR) | 31(5) | — | |
Clinical Features: | |||
Prior ACS, n(%) | 54(58.7) | 11(55) | 0.761# |
HU therapy, n(%) | 51(55.4) | 10(50) | 0.634# |
Chest/Back pain, n(%) | 83(90.2) | 15(75) | 0.062# |
Fever [>37.80°C], n(%) | 81(88) | 13(65) | 0.01# |
Cough, n(%) | 38(41.3) | 6(30) | 0.319# |
Tachycardia [>100], n(%) | 74(80.4) | 14(70) | 0.296# |
Hypotension [<80], n(%) | 71(77.2) | 14(70) | 0.542# |
Tachypnea [>25], % | 25(27.2) | 1(5) | 0.03# |
Reduced Pulse oximetry | |||
O2 saturation [<95], n(%) | 67(72.8) | 5(25) | 0.0001# |
Crepitations, n(%) | 52(56.5) | 0 | 0.000# |
Wheeze, n(%) | 10(10.9) | 0 | 0.121# |
Radiological Findings: | |||
Asplenia, n(%) | 51(55.4) | 3(15) | 0.001# |
Pleural effusion n(%) | 76(82.6) | 0 | 0.000# |
On X-ray chest, Mild n(%) | 64(84.2) | ||
Moderate n(%) | 12(15.8) | ||
On CT Scan, n(%) | 49(53.3) | ||
Multilobar atelectasis on CT scan, n(%) | 83(90.2) | 0 | 0.000# |
Multilobar atelectasis on X Rays, n(%) | 56(60.8) | 0 | |
Laboratory Parameters: | |||
Median Hb nadir, g/L [95% CI] | 7.8[7.6–8.1] | 9.1[8.3–9.7] 0.0007$ | 0.0007$ |
Median WBC count basal, X109/L [95% CI] | 9.4[9.3–10.9] | 7.4[7.1–9.7] 0.058$ | 0.058$ |
Median WBC count Max, X109/L [95% CI] | 17.6[16.8–19.3] | 10.2[10.1–14.1] 0.0001$ | 0.0001$ |
Median platelet count basal, X109/L [95% CI] | 382[354–416] | 343[226–459] | 0.356$ |
Median platelet count nadir, X109/L [95% CI] | 227[219–283] | 175[180–391] | 0.439$ |
Median retic count, % [95% CI] | 5.5[5.3–8.0] | 4.7[4.2–4.9] | 0.206$ |
Median basal HbF, % [95% CI] | 7.0[6.9–90.] | 7.6[6.5–11.7] | 0.441$ |
S.LDH at admission, u/L [RR 135–225] | 745[542–872] | 487[356–619] | 0.131$ |
S.LDH max, u/L | 1030[658–1287] | 569[410–708] | 0.09$ |
CRP at admission, mg/L [RR 0–5] | 43[42–95.5] | 71.5[49.7–104.7] 0.962$ | 0.962$ |
CRP max, mg/L | 180[153–203] | 107[78.9–159.7] 0.066$ | 0.066$ |
AST, u/L [RR 0–40] | 49.7[49.3–66.4] | 38.8[33.3–46.1] 0.127$ | 0.127$ |
ALT, u/L [RR 0–41] | 36.6[36.1–62.4] | 30[25.2–46.9] 0.373$ | 0.373$ |
S. bilirubin, μg/ml [RR 0–17] | 44.2[44.1–66.6] | 35[28.1–45.2] | 0.056$ |
Interventions: | |||
Use of NIV, n(%) | 15(16.3) | 0 | 0.047# |
Abnormal blood cultures, n(%) | 4(4.3) | 0 | 0.872# |
Simple blood transfusions, n(%) | 58(63) | 4(20) | 0.016# |
Exchange blood transfusions, n(%) | 61(66.3) | 2(10) | 0.001# |
