Figure 10 | Scientific Reports

Figure 10

From: Pyrocatechol, a component of coffee, suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2

Figure 10

Pyrocatechol in the R2 fraction exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. (A) Structure of pyrocatechol. (B–F) RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with pyrocatechol (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 μM) for 1 h prior to the LPS stimulation (1 μg/mL). (B) Viability was assessed 24 h after the LPS stimulation using trypan blue exclusion tests. (C) Nitrate concentrations in culture supernatants were measured 24 h after the LPS stimulation using Griess reagent. (D) The expression of iNOS mRNA was assessed 12 h after the LPS stimulation by RT-PCR. GAPDH mRNA expression was used as an internal control. (E) The amounts of CCL2, CXCL1, IL-6, and TNFα in supernatants were evaluated 24 h after the LPS stimulation by ELISA. (F) The mRNA expression of CCL2, CXCL1, IL-6, and TNFα was assessed 2 h after the LPS stimulation by RT-PCR. GAPDH mRNA expression was used as an internal control.

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