Figure 1
From: Multiple time-scale beats in aurora: precise orchestration via magnetospheric chorus waves
The relationship between magnetospheric chorus waves and a PsA. (a) Trapped magnetospheric electrons moving northward (gray open arrows) are scattered via wave-particle interactions with chorus waves (black wavy arrows) at the site of wave-particle interaction near the magnetic equator (orange circle). (b) This wave-particle interaction precipitates trapped electrons into the atmosphere in the northern hemisphere (gray filled arrow) along the geomagnetic field and produces patches of PsA. (c) The temporal variations in chorus intensity are often characterized by periodic enhancements, which are called chorus bursts. (d) A zoomed-in view of a single chorus burst in which several discrete chorus elements are observed. (e) Brightness variations in the PsA. A quasi-periodic modulation of optical intensity, with a repetition period ranging from a few seconds to a few tens of seconds, which is known as the main pulsation. (f) A zoomed-in view of a single pulse of the main pulsation in which the faster internal modulation luminosity fluctuations are observed.
