Table 2 Meta-regression analysis of heterogeneity for severe hypoxemia and the mean lowest oxygen saturation during intubation.

From: High-flow nasal cannula therapy as apneic oxygenation during endotracheal intubation in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Moderators

Variables

Study Number (N)

RRinteraction (95% CI)

P-value

Cochran Q/df

I2 (%)

Severe hypoxemia (SpO2 < 80%)

Publish Year

7

1.089 (0.763 to 1.555)

0.6372

2.27

55.87%

Study Country

7

1.115 (0.508 to 2.446)

0.7855

2.60

61.60%

Sex

7

0.135 (0.001 to 30.484)

0.4693

2.82

64.58%

Mean Age

7

1.210 (0.969 to 1.511)

0.0921

1.47

32.08%

BMI

6

1.198 (0.763 to 1.881)

0.4334

2.62

61.87%

SAPS II

6

1.043 (0.936 to 1.163)

0.4414

2.40

58.32%

PaO2 /FiO2 ratio

5*

0.993 (0.987 to 0.999)

0.0162*

1.12

10.52%

Duration of intubation

6

0.994 (0.980 to 1.008)

0.4090

1.65

39.27%

Proceduralist expertise

7

1.702 (0.588 to 4.932)

0.3270

1.97

49.25%

Lowest SpO2 (During intubation)

Publish Year

7

0.343 (0.084 to 1.396)

0.1352

2.52

60.37%

Study Country

7

1.323 (0.016 to 108.115)

0.9008

3.68

72.85%

Sex

7

0.019 (0.000 to 16963680.082)

0.7057

3.27

69.44%

Mean Age

7

0.277 (0.065 to 1.177)

0.0820

2.70

62.99%

BMI

6

0.444 (0.100 to 1.965)

0.2844

2.16

53.73%

SAPS II

6

0.831 (0.416 to 1.662)

0.6015

4.57

78.13%

PaO2 /FiO2 ratio

5*

1.004 (0.964 to 1.045)

0.8469

3.42

70.74%

Duration of intubation

6

1.035 (0.988 to 1.084)

0.1460

1.36

26.36%

Proceduralist expertise

7

0.190 (0.001 to 32.659)

0.5272

3.45

71.04%

  1. BMI, Body Mass Index; SAPS II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; Proceduralist expertise: trainee versus expert.
  2. RRinteraction = interaction effect calculated by meta-regression, positive direction indicates that possible moderators might strengthen the treatment success rate in high-flow nasal cannula compared with standard of care.
  3. P-value = The significant level was set as 0.05; Asterisks (*) = indicates statistical significance.
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