Table 3 Comparison of the stenotic lesions of vessels with dissection and dissection in atherosclerosis in 21 patients with severe symptomatic vertebrobasilar stenosis who underwent angioplasty and stenting.
From: Influence of Vertebrobasilar Stenotic Lesion Rigidity on the Outcome of Angioplasty and Stenting
Variable | Atherosclerosis (n = 10) | Dissection (n = 12) | Dissection in atherosclerosis (n = 9) | P | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 67.6 ± 20.1(62–80) | 58.5 ± 19.2 (16–85) | 61.2 ± 11.0 (50–78) | 0.2197 | 0.8869 |
Sex (M/F) | 8 (80%)/2 (20%) | 12(100.0%)/0 (0.0%) | 8 (88.9%)/1 (11.1%) | 0.2828 | 0.4286 |
Risk factors | |||||
Hypertension | 10 (100%) | 6 (50.0%) | 6 (66.7%) | 0.0345 | 0.6605 |
Diabetes | 3 (30%) | 4 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0.9829 | 1.0 |
Hyperlipidemia | 5 (50%) | 1 (8.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0.0949 | 0.2722 |
Smoking | 5 (50%) | 5 (41.7%) | 6 (66.7%) | 0.5214 | 0.3870 |
Hardness of stenotic lesions | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |||
Hard | 8 (80%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (88.9%) | ||
Soft | 2 (20%) | 12 (100.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | ||
Interval between symptoms and MR (mon) | 4.2 ± 8.3 (0.1–12) | 4.2 ± 8.9 (0.03–30) | 5.2 ± 8.0 (0.1–24) | 0.2309 | 0.1628 |
MR findings | |||||
Brain infarcts | |||||
Brainstem | 5 (50%) | 8 (66.7%) | 6 (66.7%) | 0.6726 | 1.0 |
Cerebellum | 5 (50%) | 8 (66.7%) | 4 (44.4%) | 0.5585 | 0.3964 |
Thalamus/occipital region | 6 (60%) | 6 (50.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 0.8945 | 0.8700 |
Location of the stenotic lesions | 0.9704 | 0.8133 | |||
Basilar artery | 5 (50%) | 5 (41.7%) | 5 (55.6%) | ||
Vertebral artery | 1 (10%) | 2 (16.6%) | 1 (11.1%) | ||
Vertebral to basilar artery | 4 (40%) | 5 (41.7%) | 3 (33.3%) | ||
Severity of the stenotic lesions (%) | 84.4 ± 14.7(70–99) | 85.3 ± 11.5 (60–99) | 83.1 ± 11.1 (70–99) | 0.7106 | 0.5648 |
Signals of the most stenotic lesions on HR-VWI | |||||
T2WI: high/iso- to low | 1 (10%)/9 (90%) | 5 (41.7%)/7 (58.3%) | 1 (11.1%)/8 (88.9%) | 0.1298 | 0.1778 |
T1WI: high/iso- to low | 3 (30%)/7 (70%) | 11 (91.7%)/1(8.3%) | 5 (55.6%)/4 (44.4%) | 0.0116 | 0.1194 |
T1WI/C: strong/faint or no | 0 (0%)/10 (100%) | 6 (50.0%)/6(50.0%) | 4 (44.4%)/5 (55.6%) | 0.0287 | 1.0 |
Restricted diffusion of the stenotic lesions: yes/no | 0 (0%)/10 (100%) | 5 (41.7%) /7 (58.3%) | 2 (22.2%)/7 (77.8%) | 0.0666 | 0.6424 |
Stenosis of ICA & its branches | 9(90%) | 2 (16.7%) | 4 (44.4%) | 0.0027 | 0.3310 |
Angioplasty and stenting | |||||
Predilatation pressure (atm) | 5.9 ± 1.72 (2–7) | 3.1 ± 0.5 (2.0–4.0) | 5.7 ± 1.1 (4.0–7.0) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Technical success | 9 (90%) | 12 (100.0%) | 9 (100.0%) | 0.3379 | 1.0000 |
Complications | 4 (40%) | 4 (33.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0.9364 | 1.0 |
Stent type (self- /balloon- expandable) | 8 (88.9%)/1 (11.1%), n = 9 | 5 (41.7%)/7 (58.3%) | 7 (77.8%)/2 (22.2%) | 0.0530 | 0.1842 |
Residual stenosis (%) | 32.2 ± 8.3 (20–40), n = 9 | 13.3 ± 15.0 (0.0–30.0) | 26.7 ± 14.1 (0.0–40.0) | 0.0156 | 0.0618 |
Outcomes | |||||
Follow-up period (mon) | 19.2 ± 15 (3–48), n = 9 | 27.4 ± 18.6 (0.5–60) | 19.0 ± 18.7 (1.0–55) | 0.1108 | 0.1653 |
Severe restenosis (≥50%) | 2 (22.2%), n = 9 | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0.2418 | 0.0632 |
Recurrent stroke/symptoms | 1 (1.11%), n = 9 | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 0.3094 | 0.1714 |
Mortality | 1 (11.1%), n = 9 | 1 (8.3%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0.9696 | 1.000 |
