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Figure 1

From: Combined behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for a direct cortical effect of prefrontal tDCS on disorders of consciousness

Figure 1

Behavioral response to tDCS. (A) Study protocol timeline showing the behavioral (Coma Recovery Scale-revised - CRS-R-) and electrophysiological (i.e. resting-state (RS) and auditory oddball paradigm (task-EEG)) measures of the effects consecutive to a single transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) session. (B) Individual patients’ CRS-R scores before and after tDCS are represented for responders (R+, in black) and non-responders (R−, in gray), together with the number of patients and their state (symbols). (C) The proportion of each state of consciousness, before and after tDCS showed an increase in the higher states of consciousness (exit minimally conscious state (EMCS) and minimally conscious state ‘plus’ (MCS+)), at the expense of lower states of consciousness (vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS) and MCS ‘minus’ (MCS-)).

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