Table 1 Average percentage (±standard error) for a circle with a radius of approximately 1.7 km (=approximately 910 ha) of land around the apiaries in this study (n = 4 for AG, CA and MT; n = 1 for blueberries and almonds), according to the Cropscape web site.
From: Landscape factors influencing honey bee colony behavior in Southern California commercial apiaries
Type | Category | Landscape | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AG | CA | MT | Blue | Alm | ||
Crop | Alfalfa | 26.0 ± 8.2 | <0.1 | — | 0.2 | <0.1 |
Crop | Blueberries | — | — | — | — | 0.2 |
Crop | Broccoli | 2.5 ± 1.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Cabbage | 0.1 ± 0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Cantaloupes | <0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Carrots | 2.9 ± 1.0 | — | — | — | <0.1 |
Crop | Cauliflower | 0.6 ± 0.5 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Celery | <0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Corn | 1.9 ± 1.6 | — | — | — | 0.1 |
Crop | Cotton | <0.1 | — | — | — | <0.1 |
Crop | WinterWheat/Corn | — | — | — | — | <0.1 |
Crop | Garlic | — | — | — | — | 0.5 |
Crop | Grapes | — | — | — | <0.1 | 11.6 |
Crop | Greens | 10.4 ± 5.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Herbs | 0.1 ± 0.0 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Lettuce | 6.2 ± 3.4 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Onions | 6.9 ± 3.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Other Hay/Non Alfalfa | 3.8 ± 2.0 | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Crop | Potatoes | <0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Sod/Grass Seed | 0.1 ± 0.0 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Sugarbeets | 12.0 ± 5.5 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Sugarcane | 0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Sunflowers | 0.9 ± 0.5 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Triticale | <0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Watermelons | 0.1 | — | — | — | — |
Crop | Winter Wheat | 3.3 ± 1.6 | — | — | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Other | Barren | 1.1 ± 1.0 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Other | Dev./High Intens. | <0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | — | — | 1.3 |
Other | Dev./Low Intens. | 4.2 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 3.1 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.6 |
Other | Dev./Medium Intens. | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 0.2 | — | 1.9 |
Other | Dev./Open Space | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 16.4 ± 5.2 | 8.2 ± 1.5 | 4.2 | 3.8 |
Other | Evergreen Forest | <0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 1.0 | — |
Other | Fallow/Idle Cropland | 0.4 ± 0.2 | — | — | — | 5.5 |
Other | Grass/Pasture | <0.1 | 9.9 ± 3.5 | 25.9 ± 4.6 | 9.7 | 0.3 |
Other | Herbaceous Wetlands | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | <0.1 | — |
Other | Mixed Forest | — | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.2 | — |
Other | Open Water | <0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 | <0.1 |
Other | Shrubland | 13.8 ± 9.3 | 41.1 ± 9.5 | 63.9 ± 4.3 | 46.5 | 1.0 |
Other | Woody Wetlands | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 | <0.1 |
tree | Almonds | — | — | — | — | 71.5 |
tree | Avocados | — | 12.7 ± 3.4 | — | 26.5 | — |
tree | Citrus | — | 9.6 ± 4.9 | — | 11.1 | — |
tree | Oranges | — | 0.7 ± 0.3 | — | <0.1 | 0.1 |
tree | Other Tree Crops | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.2 |
tree | Pomegranates | — | — | — | — | <0.1 |
