Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants. Median (quartiles) or n (%).

From: A longitudinal study of prediagnostic metabolic biomarkers and the risk of molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer

Variable

Controls (n = 1010)

CRC cases (n = 1010)

Pa

Missing, n (%)

Time from sampling to diagnosis, years

—

12.3 (7.5–16.6)

 

0 (0)

Age, years

56.3 (49.9–60.0)

55.9 (49.9–60.0)

 

0 (0)

Age groups, years

   

0 (0)

30–39

23 (2)

23 (2)

  

40–49

124 (12)

123 (12)

  

50–59

367 (36)

370 (37)

  

≥60

496 (49)

494 (49)

  

Sex, women

485 (48)

485 (48)

 

0 (0)

Smoking status

  

0.04

43 (2)

Non-smoker

443 (45)

389 (39)

  

Ex-smoker

321 (33)

359 (36)

  

Current smoker

223 (23)

242 (24)

  

Occupational physical activity

  

0.08

348 (17)

1 (sedentary or standing work)

213 (25)

202 (24)

  

2 (light but partly physically active)

140 (17)

178 (21)

  

3 (light and physically active)

217 (26)

184 (22)

  

4 (sometimes physically strenuous)

222 (27)

218 (26)

  

5 (physically strenuous most of the time)

45 (5)

53 (6)

  

Recreational physical activity

  

0.50

41 (2)

1 (never)

379 (39)

420 (42)

  

2 (every now and then – not regularly)

263 (27)

246 (25)

  

3 (1–2 times/week)

187 (19)

197 (20)

  

4 (2–3 times/week)

98 (10)

88 (9)

  

5 (>3 times/week)

52 (5)

49 (5)

  

Alcohol intake, grams/day

2.4 (0.3–6.0)

2.3 (0.2–5.9)

0.67

298 (15)

Alcohol intake groups

  

0.76

298 (15)

Zero intake

73 (8)

69 (8)

  

Below median intake

398 (46)

414 (48)

  

Above median intake

389 (45)

379 (44)

  

BMI, kg/m2

25.5 (23.2–28.1)

26.0 (23.7–28.4)

0.009

20 (1)

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

130.0 (120.0–145.8)

132.0 (120.0–150.0)

0.02

30 (1)

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

80.0 (75.0–90.0)

84.0 (75.0–90.0)

0.03

32 (2)

Fasting status, hours

    

≤4

35 (3)

35 (3)

  

5–6

168 (17)

168 (17)

  

7–8

9 (1)

9 (1)

  

>8

798 (79)

798 (79)

  

Glucose, mmol/l

5.3 (4.9–5.8)

5.4 (5.0–5.8)

0.11

118 (6)

Glucose tolerenceb, mmol/l

6.6 (5.7–7.4)

6.7 (5.7–7.7)

0.34

211 (10)

Total cholesterol, mmol/l

6.0 (5.2–6.9)

6.0 (5.3–6.9)

0.11

31 (2)

Triglycerides, mmol/l

1.2 (0.9–1.8)

1.4 (1.0–1.9)

0.10

380 (19)

Insulin resistance biomarkers

    

Insulin, ng/mL

0.23 (0.15–0.36)

0.24 (0.16–0.38)

0.25

0 (0)

C-peptide, ng/mL

1.23 (0.95–1.68)

1.29 (0.98–1.82)

0.07

0 (0)

Adipose tissue derived-biomarkers

    

Adiponectin, mg/L

20.5 (13.9–30.4)

19.5 (13.4–28.7)

0.03

0 (0)

Leptin, ng/mL

3.26 (1.40–6.98)

3.19 (1.46–7.78)

0.43

0 (0)

  1. aPaired Wilcoxon signed-rank test within the matched case sets for continuous variables, chi-square tests for categorical variables.
  2. bBlood glucose level measured as part of a standardized oral glucose tolerance test, 2 hours after glucose load.
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