Table 3 Basic properties of the irrigation TWW during the growth period.

From: Continuous Sub-Irrigation with Treated Municipal Wastewater for Protein-Rich Rice Production with Reduced Emissions of CH4 and N2O

Parameters

Unit

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Mean

pH

 

7.5

7.2

7.5

7.4

7.0

7.3

EC

mS m−1

70

63

68

61

54

63

DO

mg L−1

4.7

4.3

3.2

3.4

4.6

4.0

TOC

mg L−1

6.2

5.8

6.0

5.5

5.4

5.8

TN

mg L−1

37

33

27

22

21

28

TP

mg L−1

0.7

0.5

0.4

0.6

0.9

0.6

K

mg L−1

9.2

9.5

11.0

9.5

9.2

9.7

As

µg L−1

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.3

Cr

µg L−1

1.0

0.6

0.9

0.5

0.6

0.7

Cu

µg L−1

9.4

8.7

8.5

7.9

8.1

8.5

Cd

µg L−1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

Pb

µg L−1

5.4

4.2

2.9

1.3

0.6

2.9

Zn

µg L−1

42

49

56

50

30

45

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