Table 1 Baseline characteristics in the discovery and validation cohort.
Discovery cohort (N = 4,151) | Validation cohort (N = 4,169) | |
|---|---|---|
Age (yr.) | 70.8 (14.3) | 70.7 (14.6) |
Male | 2,476 (59.6%) | 2,462 (59.1%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 1,036 (25.0%) | 992 (23.8%) |
Hypertension | 2,217 (53.4%) | 2,183 (52.4%) |
Cardiovascular disease | 2,411 (58.1%) | 2,289 (54.9%) |
Cerebrovascular disease | 856 (20.6%) | 818 (19.6%) |
Baseline Cr (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.4) |
Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 89.9 (88.0) | 90.4 (70.4) |
CKD (<60 mL/min/1.73m2) | 1,042 (25.1%) | 1,023 (24.5%) |
Pre-admission baseline Cr available (N/%) | 3,628 (87.4%) | 3,594 (86.2%) |
Hyperbilirubinemia (N/%) | 255 (6.1%) | 240 (5.8%) |
Causes of admission (N/%) | ||
Cardiovascular | 2,645 (63.7%) | 2,584 (62.0%) |
Endocrinology | 75 (1.8%) | 61 (1.5%) |
Gastrointestinal | 386 (9.3%) | 412 (9.9%) |
Malignancy | 81 (2%) | 94 (2.3%) |
Neurological | 37 (0.9%) | 60 (1.4%) |
Respiratory | 321 (7.7%) | 332 (8%) |
Others | 606 (14.6%) | 626 (15%) |
SOFA score | 5.5 ± 3.0 | 5.4 ± 3.0 |
Postoperative (N/%) | 1,951 (47.0%) | 2,052 (49.2%) |
Vasopressors (N/%) | 1,834 (44.2%) | 1,846 (44.3%) |
Ventilators (N/%) | 904 (21.8%) | 879 (21.1%) |
Sepsis (N/%) | 2,128 (51.3%) | 2,199 (52.7%) |
Nephrotoxin exposure | 493 (11.9%) | 492 (11.8%) |
ICU stay (days) | 8.5 (12.8) | 8.4 (10.2) |
AKI stage at admission | ||
No AKI | 3,127 (75.3%) | 3,145 (75.4%) |
Stage I | 622 (15%) | 629 (15.1%) |
Stage II | 262 (6.3%) | 267 (6.4%) |
Stage III | 140 (3.4%) | 128 (3.1%) |
