Table 1 Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis for overall survival in the childhood rhabdomyosarcoma cohort.
Characteristic (n = 197) | Value, mean ± SE or n (%) | HR | 95% CI | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 8.34 ± 5.601 | 1.068 | 1.028–1.110 | 0.001* | |
Age group | ≥10 | 88 (44.7) | baseline | ||
1–9 | 83 (42.1) | 0.610 | 0.392–0.952 | 0.029* | |
≤1 | 26 (13.2) | 0.347 | 0.148–0.810 | 0.014* | |
Gender | Male | 109 (55.3) | baseline | ||
Female | 88 (44.7) | 1.018 | 0.667–1.554 | 0.934 | |
Race | White | 143 (72.6) | baseline | ||
Black | 36 (18.3) | 1.176 | 0.686–2.016 | 0.556 | |
Other | 18 (9.1) | 1.443 | 0.739–2.820 | 0.283 | |
Year of diagnosis | 2007–2014 | 98 (49.7) | baseline | ||
1998–2006 | 99 (50.3) | 0.887 | 0.577–1.362 | 0.583 | |
Tumor location | Upper limb, shoulder | 90 (45.7) | baseline | ||
Lower limb, hip | 107 (54.3) | 0.932 | 0.611–1.421 | 0.744 | |
Tumor size | ≤5 cm | 82 (41.6) | baseline | ||
>5 cm | 102 (51.8) | 2.174 | 1.364–3.465 | 0.001* | |
Unknown | 13 (6.6) | 2.949 | 1.271–6.482 | 0.012* | |
N classification | All negative | 90 (45.7) | baseline | ||
Positive | 65 (33.0) | 2.702 | 1.637–4.458 | <0.001* | |
Unknown | 42 (21.3) | 2.393 | 1.379–4.152 | 0.002* | |
M classification | M0 | 130 (66.0) | baseline | ||
M1 | 63 (32.0) | 5.019 | 3.252–7.747 | <0.001* | |
Unknown | 4 (2.0) | 0.656 | 0.090–4.777 | 0.678 | |
Grade | Grade I/II/III | 25 (12.7) | baseline | ||
Grade IV | 31 (15.7) | 1.006 | 0.452–2.240 | 0.989 | |
Unknown | 141 (71.6) | 1.113 | 0.570–2.173 | 0.753 | |
Histology | Embryonal | 27 (13.7) | baseline | ||
Alveolar | 138 (70.1) | 1.594 | 0.794–3.200 | 0.190 | |
Others | 32 (16.2) | 1.328 | 0.559–3.155 | 0.520 | |
Surgery | surgery | 136 (69) | baseline | ||
No surgery | 61 (31) | 2.037 | 1.319–3.148 | 0.001* | |
Radiation | None/Unknown | 42 (21.3) | baseline | ||
Yes | 155 (78.7) | 0.781 | 0.478–1.277 | 0.324 | |
Treatment combinations | Surgery without radiation | 42 (21.3) | baseline | ||
Surgery + radiation | 94 (47.7) | 0.547 | 0.316–0.947 | 0.031* | |
Radiation without surgery | 61 (31.0) | 1.355 | 0.784–2.344 | 0.277 | |
IRSG staging system# | Stage 2 | 55 (27.9) | baseline | ||
Stage 3 | 69 (35.0) | 2.784 | 1.382–5.608 | 0.004* | |
Stage 4 | 69 (35.0) | 8.453 | 4.328–16.512 | <0.001* | |
Unknown | 4 (2.0) | 1.199 | 0.155–9.292 | 0.862 | |
IRSG grouping system | Group I/II | 58 (29.4) | baseline | ||
Group III/IV | 137 (69.5) | 1.772 | 1.074–2.924 | 0.025* | |
Unknown | 2 (1.0) | 1.365 | 0.183–10.176 | 0.761 | |
IRSG prognostic stratification | Low | 22 (11.2) | baseline | ||
Intermediate | 119 (60.4) | 0.615 | 0.297–1.276 | 0.192 | |
High | 52 (26.4) | 3.668 | 1.769–7.605 | <0.001* | |
Unknown | 4 (2.0) | 0.404 | 0.051–3.190 | 0.390 | |
Survival months (month) | 63.48 ± 52.090 | NA | NA | NA | |
