T.able 1 Performance comparison of the proposed sensor and other optical fiber-based humidity sensors reported in literature.

From: Microstructured optical fiber based Fabry–Pérot interferometer as a humidity sensor utilizing chitosan polymeric matrix for breath monitoring

Sensing Material

Optical fiber

Sensing method

Range (%RH)

Sensitivity (Resolution)

Response time

Application

Gelatin11

Tapered optical fiber

Interferometric

9–94

0.016 dBm/%RH

70 ms

 

TiO2/SnO212

Long Period Grating

Long Period Grating

40–95

221 pm/%RH

—

 

Silica/di-ureas32

Fiber Bragg grating

Fiber Bragg grating

5–95

22.2 pm/%RH

 

Civil Engineered Structure Monitoring

PMMA polymer33

Fiber Bragg grating

Etched Polymer Optical Fiber

30–90

33.6 pm/%RH

7 min

 

Polyvinyl Alcohal35

Long Period Grating

Long Period Grating

33–97

~5680 pm/%RH

<1 min

Structural Health Monitoring

Polyvinyl Alcohol43

Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating

Tilted Fiber Bragg Grating

20–98

14.95 dBm/%RH

—

 

Calcium Chloride34

Air gap Long Period Grating

Air gap long period grating

50–95

1350 pm/%RH

  

SiO2 –Nanospheres36

Long Period Grating

Long Period Grating

20–50

50–80

63.33 pm/%RH

451.78 pm/%RH

30 ms (rise)

153 ms

(recovery)

 

[PDDA/Poly R-478] nanostructured30

Tapered Fiber

Evanescent wave

75–100

16 dBm/%RH

300 ms

 

Polyethylene Oxide (PEO)31

Buffer-striped 1060XP Fiber

Evanescent wave

80–95

1 dB/%RH

760 ms

Breath Monitoring

No coating37

Silica/polymer Microfiber

Knot

Resonator

17–98

8.8 pm/%RH

(0.017%)

  

[poly-glutamic acid/poly-lysine]39

Hetro-core

Fiber

Modal Interferometric

50–92.9

0.0052 dB/%RH

400 ms

Breath Monitoring

Polyvinyl Alcohol14

Photonic Crystal Fiber

Modal Interferometric

20–95

40.9 pm/%RH

—

 

(P4VP·HCl/PVS)1015

Thin Core Fiber

Modal Interferometric

20–90

84.3 pm/%RH

(0.78%)

2 sec (rise)

10 sec (fall)

 

Chitosan38

Polarization Maintaining Fiber

Sagnac Interferometer

20–95

81 pm/%RH

(2.04%)

  

Ti3O5/SiO216

Single Mode Fiber

Fabry-Perot Interferometer

1.8–74.7

430 pm/%RH

5 sec

 

Chitosan26

Hollow-Core PCF

Fabry-Perot Interferometer

20–95

130 pm/%RH

380 ms

 

(PAH/PSS)1544

Hollow-Core PCF

Fabry-Perot Interferometer

5–90

0.08 dB/%RH

(0.125%)

2 sec (rise)

6 sec (fall)

 

Chitosan17

Hollow-Core PCF

Fabry-Perot Interferometer

35–95

280 pm/%RH

(0.02%)

<60 sec

 

SnO225

Twin Suspended Core Fiber

Fabry-Perot Interferometer

20–90

0.14 rad/%RH

370 ms (rise)

380 ms (recovery)

Breath Monitoring

Chitosan

(Present Study)

Suspended tri-core Fiber

Fabry-Perot Interferometer

30–95

81.05 pm/%RH

(0.5%)

80 ms (rise)

70 ms (recovery)

Breath Monitoring

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