Table 5 Summary of occlusion map analysis comparing frequencies with which selected knee joint tissues were indicated as hotspots in analysis. Hotspots were defined as pixels that, when occluded, were among the top 5% of all pixels in change of pipeline TKR prediction output metric when occluded. Odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals calculated using Cornfield’s method, and p values calculated using Fisher’s exact test are displayed. Tissues that were significant at α = 0.05 are designated with a ^*. N value for all tests was n = 124.

Cartilage

TFJ medial^*

0.05 (0.00–0.48)

3.36 × 10⁻³

TFJ lateral^*

0.03 (0.00–0.25)

3.89 × 10⁻⁵

PFJ

1.03 (0.60–1.77)

1.00 × 10⁰

Meniscus

Medial anterior^*

0.33 (0.12–0.79)

1.04 × 10⁻²

Medial posterior^*

0.40 (0.16–0.89)

2.37 × 10⁻²

Lateral anterior^*

0.23 (0.05–0.67)

5.05 × 10⁻³

Lateral posterior^*

0.26 (0.06–0.80)

1.49 × 10⁻²

Bone

TFJ medial^*

0.17 (0.00–0.91)

3.57 × 10⁻²

TFJ lateral^*

0.02 (0.00–0.22)

8.48 × 10⁻⁶

PFJ

1.11 (0.64–1.92)

7.93× 10⁻¹

Ligament

ACL^*

0.49 (0.23–0.99)

4.72 × 10⁻²

PCL

1.58 (0.89–2.87)

1.27 × 10⁻¹

Popliteal

1.62 (0.96–2.77)

7.51 × 10⁻²

Tendon

Medial patellar retinaculum^*

1.98 (1.02–3.99)

4.19 × 10⁻²

Lateral patellar retinaculum

1.08 (0.60–1.96)

8.88 × 10⁻¹

Popliteal

1.49 (0.87–2.57)

1.56 × 10⁻¹

Patellar

1.76 (0.92–3.48)

9.00 × 10⁻²

Gastrocnemius^*

2.97 (1.12–10.0)

2.67 × 10⁻²

Semimembranosus

0.50 (0.23–1.03)

6.17 × 10⁻²

Quadriceps

3.18 (0.88–20.4)

8.38 × 10⁻²

Gracilis

4.52 (0.74–290)

1.20 × 10⁻¹

Fat pad

Hoffa

2.38 (0.92–7.38)

7.80 × 10⁻²

Muscle

Popliteus

1.98 (1.00–4.14)

5.11 × 10⁻²

Vastus medialis

1.26 (0.54–3.00)

6.93 × 10⁻¹

Gastrocnemius

1.35 (0.73–2.54)

3.76 × 10⁻¹

Plantaris^*

2.84 (1.47–5.82)

1.29 × 10⁻³

Biceps femoris

4.52 (0.74–290)

1.20 × 10⁻¹

Tibialis anterior

2.37 (0.24–161)

6.22 × 10⁻¹

Semimembranosus

0.35 (0.05–1.32)

1.36 × 10⁻¹

Synovium

General

1.17 (0.50–2.82)

8.41 × 10⁻¹