Figure 4

Measurement process of wall thickness in the PVA-H model. (A) Substrate geometry from micro CT image, (B) centerline from the substrate geometry, (C)PVA-H geometry from micro CT image, (D) getting the segment using the PVA-H geometry (C) and vertical cutting planes of the centerline (B), (E) Measuring points of the cutting planes in the substrate for stereo dip-coating in Fig. 1 (B) (O; original point, E; end point, I; inflection point), (F) wall thickness measurement on the segment of the cutting planes to evaluate the uniformity. A* and B* indicate the front and lateral view points in each curve and the numbers indicate the angle in the curves.