Table 1 Summary of included study characteristics.

From: Efficacy and safety of topical nitroglycerin in the prevention of mastectomy flap necrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study ID

Study Type

IBR/Mas-tectomy alone

NTG dose and types

Frequency of use

Group

NO.

Age, year

BMI, kg/m2

Smoking history, n(%)

Diabetes, n(%)

Hypertension, n(%)

Preoperative chemotherapy, n(%)

Preoperative radiotherapy, n(%)

Gdalevitch et al.19

RCT

IBR

45 mg,

ointment

Once, keep ≥48 h

N

P

85

80

50.0 ± 9.2

49.9 ± 9.7

24.9 ± 4.6

24.0 ± 4.9

18(21.2)

16(20)

0

2(2.5)

8(9.4)

11(13.8)

23 (27.1)

25 (31.2)

9 (10.6)

7 (8.8)

Fan et al.26

RCT

Mastectomy alone

5 mg,

NR

NR

N

P

42

40

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

Turin et al.21

RCS

IBR

15 mg,

ointment

Once, keep 3–5d

N

P

158

170

48.34 ± 11.95

47.25 ± 10.92

24.6 ± 4.66

25.9 ± 5.77

18(6.5)

11(11.4)

2(1.3)

6(3.5)

10(6.3)

19(11.2)

48(30.4)

20(11.8)

2(1.3)

1(0.6)

Yun et al.20

RCS

IBR

4.5 mg,

ointment

3 times (on postoperative days 2, 4,and 6)

N

P

52

21

47.0 ± 9.6

45.0 ± 8.1

24.0 ± 3.7

21.0 ± 2.3

1(1.9)

2(9.5)

3 (5.8)

0

3 (5.8)

1 (4.8)

2 (3.8)

0

0

0

Kutun et al.27

RCT

Mastectomy alone

50 mg, transder-mal

5 times (5th postoperative day)

N

P

3174

3252

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

336(10.6)

413(12.7)

418(13.5)

546(16.8)

NR

NR

NR

NR

  1. RCT, randomized controlled trial; RCS, retrospective cohort study; IBR, immediate breast reconstruction; NR, not reported; N, nitroglycerin; P, placebo; BMI, Body Mass Index.
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