Table 2 Effect of ankle or knee angle on the stiffness of fascia.

From: Influence of different knee and ankle ranges of motion on the elasticity of triceps surae muscles, Achilles tendon, and plantar fascia

Measurement position

Ankle angle

Knee 0°

Knee 90°

Cohen’s d

P value

MG Fascia

PF50°

31.07 ± 9.17

11.50 ± 4.61

2.697

0.000

67.31 ± 18.89

13.90 ± 3.06

3.947

0.000

DF25°

194.43 ± 54.45

23.10 ± 8.19

4.400

0.000

LG Fascia

PF50°

42.86 ± 12.37

9.83 ± 3.63

3.623

0.000

84.47 ± 18.80

18.79 ± 11.63

4.202

0.000

DF25°

177.01 ± 46.03

38.34 ± 14.57

4.062

0.000

SOL Fascia

PF50°

104.25 ± 33.61

50.53 ± 13.42

2.099

0.000

224.09 ± 67.27

114.53 ± 25.73

2.151

0.000

DF25°

261.12 ± 46.70

219.54 ± 55.74

0.809

0.012

PF

Pro

PF50°

52.51 ± 26.80

56.55 ± 17.75

0.178

0.551

66.98 ± 23.74

89.79 ± 34.21

0.775

0.016

DF25°

78.37 ± 26.58

103.23 ± 39.07

0.744

0.014

Mid

PF50°

44.66 ± 25.59

48.54 ± 14.15

0.188

0.460

52.57 ± 20.22

68.07 ± 28.66

0.625

0.042

DF25°

54.48 ± 20.57

67.93 ± 24.98

0.588

0.036

Dis

PF50°

33.66 ± 20.35

38.00 ± 13.23

0.253

0.325

35.88 ± 11.99

53.98 ± 24.44

0.940

0.003

DF25°

38.43 ± 13.52

54.26 ± 18.66

0.972

0.000

  1. MG: Medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, LG: Lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, PF: plantar fascia.
  2. PF50°: plantar flexion 50°; 0°: neutral position; DF25°: dorsiflexion 25°.
  3. Pro: proximal; Mid: Middle; Dis: Distal.