Table 1 Optical and electrical parameters for planar and TiN-implanted PSCs.

From: Refractory plasmonics enabling 20% efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells

Structure

TGR (m−3 s−1)

TGR Enhancement

Jsc (mA/cm2)

Voc (mV)

FF (%)

PCE (%)

Planar

7.1840 × 1027

----

27

680.47

70.21

12.9

TiN (50 nm)

7.9038 × 1027

10.02%

29.71

683.50

70.64

14.3

TiN (75 nm)

9.225 × 1027

28.4%

34.7

687.57

71.23

17

TiN (100 nm)

9.8205 × 1027

36.7%

36.91

689.2

71.48

18.2