Figure 4

The relationship between opioid signaling and early ascaroside pheromone reception. (a,b) The expression of NLP-24::GFP in the ASI neurons under fed, starved, and starved with ascr#2 conditions in the gpa-3(pk35) background (a) at 20°C, and (b) at 25°C. Method and data processing for measured values are the same as in the legend of Fig. 1. Each box in the box plot was represents the inter-quartile range, the bar in the box represents median, and the X symbols represents the mean of the measured values under each condition. N.S. indicates no statistically significant difference. All p-values were calculated by unpaired t-test. (c,d) The dauer formation ratios of (c) the nlp-24(tm2105);gpa-3(pk35) double mutant worms (n = 3), and (d) the npr-17(tm3210);gpa-3(pk35) double mutant worms (n = 3). The method of dauer formation assay are the same as in the legend of Fig. 3. The data are represented as the mean with SEM of three different experiments with three technical repeats. *, **, and *** indicate p-values <0.05, <0.01, and <0.001, respectively. N.S. indicates no statistically significant difference. All p-values were calculated by unpaired t-test. The tables below present the included or excluded genes in each mutant strain.