Table 2 Fate of axons with varicosities over 30 days.

From: Longitudinal optical imaging technique to visualize progressive axonal damage after brain injury in mice reveals responses to different minocycline treatments

Treatment group

Axons with varicosities (%)a

Axons with varicosities returning to baseline (%)b

Axons with varicosities persisting until Day 30 (%)c

Developed terminal bulbs or resulted in axon loss (%)d

Sham-vehicle

5.3 ± 5.6

75.0 ± 35.3

16.7 ± 28.9

0.0 ± 0.0

TBI-vehicle

54.7 ± 10.4**

47.5 ± 14.3

26.6 ± 8.4

25.9 ± 13.7*

TBI-45-min mino

33.1 ±  5.3

54.2 ± 45.9

45.8 ± 45.9

0.0 ± 0.0 ##

TBI-72-hr mino

40.5 ± 14.2

78.3 ± 15.6

21.7 ± 15.8

0.0 ± 0.0 #

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Only mice with head plates attached until Day 30 were included in the analysis (Table 1). aPercentage of total axons in the field of view with varicosities measured over 30 days, both forming early and late (p = 0.004, ANOVA power = 0.98, Tukey’s test for pairwise comparisons). Last three columns are subsets of the first data column. bPercentage of axons with varicosities identified at 1 hr, Day 3, Day 7, and Day 14 that recovered by Day 30 (p = 0.46, ANOVA power = 0.39). cPercentage of axons with varicosities persisting until Day 30 (p =0 0.58, ANOVA power = 0.30). dPercentage of axons with varicosities that developed terminal bulbs or resulted in axon loss (p = 0.0066, ANOVA power = 0.99, Tukey’s test for pairwise comparisons). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, vs. Sham-vehicle, #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, vs. TBI-vehicle, varicosities initially, axons returning to baseline, persisting varicosities, varicosities to terminal bulbs or axon loss. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test for pairwise comparisons. Abbreviation: minocycline, mino.
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