Table 6 Comparison of incidence rates and hazard ratios for overall and specific cancers between control and glaucoma groups in those ≥65 years.

From: Risk of cancer in patients with glaucoma: A nationwide population-based cohort study

 

Control (N = 47969)

Glaucoma (N = 47969)

Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)

N. of events

Incidence rate (per 1000)

N. of events

Incidence rate (per 1000)

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Overall cancer

3662

17.117

3765

17.632

1.03 (0.984, 1.078)

1.03 (0.984, 1.078)

1.032 (0.986, 1.08)

Oral

53

0.239

67

0.303

1.264 (0.881, 1.812)

1.263 (0.881, 1.811)

1.298 (0.904, 1.865)

Esophagus

68

0.307

62

0.280

0.911 (0.646, 1.285)

0.91 (0.645, 1.284)

0.933 (0.66, 1.319)

Laryngeal

33

0.149

29

0.131

0.878 (0.533, 1.446)

0.879 (0.533, 1.447)

0.909 (0.55, 1.501)

Thyroid

130

0.588

113

0.511

0.869 (0.675, 1.118)

0.869 (0.675, 1.118)

0.877 (0.681, 1.129)

Stomach

665

3.025

591

2.685

0.888 (0.794, 0.992)*

0.887 (0.794, 0.99)*

0.892 (0.798, 0.997)*

Colorectal

745

3.390

819

3.729

1.1 (0.996, 1.215)

1.099 (0.995, 1.214)

1.085 (0.982, 1.199)

Liver

443

2.005

446

2.018

1.006 (0.882, 1.148)

1.005 (0.881, 1.147)

0.989 (0.866, 1.128)

Pancreatic

342

1.547

369

1.669

1.079 (0.931, 1.25)

1.078 (0.93, 1.249)

1.064 (0.918, 1.234)

Biliary

224

1.013

203

0.917

0.905 (0.749, 1.095)

0.904 (0.747, 1.093)

0.898 (0.742, 1.087)

Lung

720

3.264

717

3.249

0.995 (0.898, 1.104)

0.994 (0.896, 1.102)

1.033 (0.931, 1.146)

Renal

84

0.380

95

0.429

1.13 (0.843, 1.516)

1.13 (0.843, 1.516)

1.1 (0.819, 1.477)

Bladder

180

0.814

175

0.791

0.971 (0.789, 1.196)

0.968 (0.786, 1.192)

0.969 (0.786, 1.195)

Cancer of central nervous system

59

0.267

69

0.312

1.169 (0.826, 1.654)

1.168 (0.825, 1.653)

1.19 (0.839, 1.687)

Leukemia

63

0.285

66

0.298

1.047 (0.741, 1.479)

1.047 (0.741, 1.479)

1.042 (0.737, 1.474)

Lymphoma

74

0.334

95

0.429

1.283 (0.947, 1.739)

1.281 (0.945, 1.736)

1.319 (0.972, 1.79)

Multiple myeloma

41

0.185

36

0.162

0.877 (0.561, 1.373)

0.874 (0.559, 1.368)

0.86 (0.549, 1.349)

Skin

14

0.063

22

0.099

1.571 (0.804, 3.071)

1.569 (0.803, 3.066)

1.527 (0.78, 2.99)

Prostate†

463

4.833

531

5.560

1.151 (1.016, 1.304)*

1.149 (1.014, 1.301)*

1.15 (1.015, 1.304)*

Testicular†

9

0.093

7

0.072

0.778 (0.29, 2.09)

0.779 (0.29, 2.092)

0.788 (0.292, 2.125)

Breast‡

96

0.772

115

0.925

1.197 (0.913, 1.569)

1.198 (0.914, 1.571)

1.202 (0.915, 1.577)

Uterine cervical‡

50

0.402

37

0.297

0.739 (0.483, 1.131)

0.739 (0.483, 1.131)

0.739 (0.482, 1.132)

Uterine corpus‡

23

0.185

16

0.128

0.695 (0.367, 1.315)

0.695 (0.367, 1.315)

0.674 (0.355, 1.28)

Ovarian‡

53

0.426

40

0.321

0.754 (0.5, 1.136)

0.754 (0.5, 1.136)

0.762 (0.505, 1.15)

  1. Model 1 Unadjusted.
  2. Model 2 Adjusted for age and gender.
  3. Model 3 Adjusted for age, gender, diabetes, smoking history, and body mass index.
  4. *P value < 0.05.
  5. †Male malignancies are analyzed in males(n = 21374).
  6. ‡Female malignancies are analyzed in females(n = 26595).
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