Figure 1
From: The effect of bone inhibitors on periosteum-guided cartilage regeneration
Histological analysis with Masson’s Trichome staining. The thickness of neo-cartilage in the (A) control group, (B) non-vascularized group, (C) vascularized group, (D) vascularized + Ful group and (E) vascularized + IL1β group. (F) The thickness of neo-cartilage was quantified by measuring the tissue thickness of neo-cartilage from the bone-cartilage junction to the superficial layer of regenerated tissue in the cartilage defect area. The area between two yellow arrows indicates the cartilage defect region. Sample size: n > 4. Scale bar = 1 mm. The results are expressed as the means ± SEM. Significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. *Indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05). Control: cartilage defect group. NP: cartilage defect covered with non-vascularized periosteum group. VP: cartilage defect covered with vascularized periosteum group. VP + Ful: cartilage defect covered with vascularized periosteum and treated with Fulvestrant. VP + IL-1β: cartilage defect covered with vascularized periosteum and treated with interleukin 1β. c: cartilage tissue; b: bone tissue.
