Table 2 Characteristics of ACLF patients with cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis.
Characteristic | EASL ACLF | COSSH ACLF | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cirrhosis (n = 269) | Non-cirrhosis (n = 163) | Cirrhosis (n = 303) | Non-cirrhosis (n = 222) | ||
Age (years) | 53 (17) | 46 (18)* | 53 (16) | 45 (19)† | 0.498 |
Male, no. (%) | 204 (75.8) | 134 (82.2) | 238 (78.5) | 195 (87.8)† | 0.122 |
Aetiology | |||||
HBV, no. (%) | 197 (73.2) | 154 (94.5)* | 234 (77.2) | 216 (97.3)† | 0.158 |
Alcohol, no. (%) | 24 (8.9) | 2 (1.2)* | 20 (6.6) | 1 (0.5)† | 0.576 |
HBV + Alcohol, no. (%) | 14 (5.2) | 2 (1.2)* | 16 (5.3) | 2 (0.9)† | 1.000 |
Others, no. (%) | 34 (12.6) | 5 (3.1)* | 33 (10.9) | 3 (1.4)† | 0.291 |
Complications | |||||
Ascites, no. (%) | 255 (94.8) | 109 (66.9)* | 289 (95.4) | 147 (66.2)† | 0.893 |
GI hemorrhage, no. (%) | 49 (18.2) | 11 (6.7)* | 39 (12.9) | 10 (4.5)† | 0.338 |
Bacterial infection, no. (%) | 67 (24.9) | 17 (10.4)* | 67 (22.1) | 17 (7.7)† | 0.344 |
Laboratory data | |||||
Albumin, g/L | 30.2 (5.5) | 31.9 (5.7)* | 30.9 (5.7) | 31.7 (5.6)† | 0.678 |
ALT, U/L | 154.0 (356.0) | 423.0 (692.0)* | 149.0 (328.0) | 401.5 (608.3)† | 0.365 |
AST, U/L | 157.0 (253.0) | 303.0 (404.0)* | 148.0 (213.0) | 234.5 (362.3)† | 0.193 |
ALP, U/L | 131.5 (57.0) | 140.0 (55.0) | 135.0 (50.0) | 137.0 (50.3) | 0.829 |
TB, μmol/L | 371.5 (239.2) | 375.0 (189.0) | 368.0 (167.0) | 342.1 (145.5)† | 0.025§ |
γ-GT, U/L | 75.0 (67.8) | 86.0 (74.0)* | 74.0 (57.0) | 87.5 (78.5)† | 0.772 |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 77.0 (60.5) | 71.0 (43.0)* | 67.0 (25.0)# | 64.0 (19.3) | <0.001§ |
Sodium, mmol/L | 137.0 (6.0) | 138.0 (4.0)* | 137.0 (5.0) | 138.0 (4.0)† | 0.693 |
INR | 2.6 (1.0) | 2.7 (1.0)* | 2.1 (0.7)# | 2.1 (0.9) | <0.001§ |
WBC, 109/L | 6.8 (4.2) | 7.4 (4.8)* | 6.5 (4.1) | 7.1 (3.8)† | 0.167 |
Hemoglobin, g/L | 116.0 (29.0) | 132.0 (28.0)* | 119.0 (26.0) | 133.0 (22.3)† | 0.346 |
Hematocrit, % | 33.5 (8.1) | 38.0 (8.5)* | 34.1 (7.1) | 38.0 (7.1)† | 0.837 |
Platelet, 109/L | 84.0 (69.0) | 119.0 (73.0)* | 86.0 (68.0) | 118.5 (70.5)† | 0.694 |
C reactive protein, mg/L | 13.8 (13.9) | 10.2 (8.1)* | 13.2 (11.2) | 10.7 (8.8)† | 0.290 |
Alpha fetoprotein, μg/L | 37.7 (112.8) | 53.9 (189.3)* | 59.9 (151.1)# | 109.3 (235.5)† | 0.001§ |
Ferritin, μg/L | 2098.3 (3288.8) | 3404.0 (3934.0)* | 2115.7 (3036.2) | 3105.4 (3918.9)† | 0.328 |
Organ faliure | |||||
Liver, no. (%) | 253 (94.1) | 158 (96.9) | 303 (100.0)# | 222 (100.0) | 0.013§ |
Kidney, no. (%) | 66 (24.5) | 24 (14.7)* | 50 (16.5)# | 21 (9.5)† | 0.112 |
Cerebral, no. (%) | 57 (21.2) | 43 (26.4) | 44 (14.5)# | 36 (16.2) | 0.015§ |
Coagulation, no. (%) | 186 (69.1) | 129 (79.1)* | 145 (47.9)# | 103 (46.4) | <0.001§ |
Circulation, no. (%) | 47 (17.5) | 25 (15.3) | 33 (10.9)# | 21 (9.5) | 0.079 |
Lung, no. (%) | 36 (13.4) | 26 (16.0) | 25 (8.3)# | 22 (9.9) | 0.036§ |
Hepatic encephalopathy grade I or II | 94 (34.9) | 49 (30.1) | 67 (22.1)# | 61 (27.5) | 0.579 |
Severity score | |||||
COSSH ACLFs | 6.3 (1.4) | 6.2 (1.7) | 5.9 (1.2)# | 5.7 (1.4)† | <0.001§ |
CLIF-C ACLFs | 50.9 (14.4) | 48 (16.7) | 45.4 (13.5)# | 42.3 (13.2)† | 0.002§ |
CLIF-SOFA | 11.0 (3.0) | 11.0 (3.0) | 10.0 (2.0)# | 9.0 (2.0) | <0.001§ |
MELD | 27.3 (8.4) | 27.7 (6.9) | 23.5 (6.6) | 23.5 (5.9) | 0.019§ |
MELD-Na | 28.3 (7.9) | 28.6 (6.9) | 25.3 (6.1) | 25.0 (6.2) | 0.022§ |
iMELD | 5.8 (4.1) | 5.9 (4.7) | 4.4 (2.5)# | 4.2 (3.4)† | <0.001§ |
Transplant-free mortality | |||||
28-day, no. (%) | 139 (51.7) | 78 (47.9) | 122 (40.3)# | 73 (32.9) | 0.003§ |
90-day, no. (%) | 166 (61.7) | 81 (49.7)* | 144 (47.5)# | 79 (35.6) | 0.006§ |
