Table 1 Carbohydrate xenoantigens that have been deleted in genetically-engineered pigs.

From: Old World Monkeys are less than ideal transplantation models for testing pig organs lacking three carbohydrate antigens (Triple-Knockout)

Carbohydrate (Abbreviation)

Responsible enzyme

Gene-knockout pig

1. Galactose-α1,3-galactose (Gal)

α1,3-galactosyltransferase

GTKO

2. N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)

Cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH)

CMAH-KO

3. Sda

β-1,4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

β4GalNT2-KO

Back to article page