Table 2 Summary Statistics of the Secondary Outcome across Conditions at each Time-point.

From: The effects of environmental enrichment on skin barrier recovery in humans: a randomised trial

Variable

Condition

Baseline, M(SD)

Post tape-stripping, M(SD)

Post recovery period, M(SD)

VAS stress score

Control

40.67(27.32)

30.17(25.41)

16.70(19.66)

Comfort

39.47(29.84)

26.73(25.88)

17.87(20.58)

Music

40.83(26.00)

25.53(21.39)

13.47(13.86)

Paro

41.33(26.96)

29.43(27.81)

19.93(23.04)

Total

40.58(27.23)

27.97(24.98)

16.99(19.47)

VAS pain score

Control

5.33(11.06)

8.47(11.48)

2.20(3.43)

Comfort

8.07(14.99)

14.80(14.90

6.57(10.26)

Music

9.60(13.51)

12.17(12.75)

8.23(13.12)

Paro

2.70(7.45)

8.73(6.60)

3.50(5.43)

Total

6.43(12.23)

11.04(11.97)

5.13(9.14)

VAS anxiety score

Control

20.90(25.92)

16.83(22.72)

8.80(12.78)

Comfort

19.40(21.17)

15.97(18.87)

12.23(16.19)

Music

15.63(19.91)

13.37(17.19)

8.97(13.67)

Paro

18.60(25.26)

11.73(16.78)

8.33(14.74)

Total

18.63(22.99)

14.48(18.91)

9.58(14.30)

VAS relaxation score

Control

68.10(29.04)

76.03(23.58)

84.80(13.73)

Comfort

68.53(23.06)

72.93(19.54)

76.77(21.10)

Music

73.60(18.61)

77.47(15.00)

82.33(13.89)

Paro

79.60(15.34)

75.27(25.22)

80.83(16.81)

Total

72.46(22.33)

75.43(21.00)

81.18(16.701)

VAS stimulation score

Control

52.67(17.30)

42.47(22.75)

42.23(21.34)

Comfort

53.83(16.91)

41.73(22.81)

47.30(20.99)

Music

57.53(22.19)

49.30(23.29)

63.37(22.30)

Paro

49.13(19.84)

43.87(23.31)

47.60(19.89)

Total

53.29(19.17)

44.34(22.94)

50.13(22.35)

Salivary cortisol (nmol/l)

Control

1.71(1.11)

1.80(1.72)

1.22(1.07)

Comfort

2.22(1.57)

1.82(1.60)

1.12(0.72)

Music

2.08(1.24)

2.03(2.11)

1.55(0.81)

Paro

3.12(3.31)

2.12(1.67)

1.19(0.87)

Total

2.28(2.06)

1.94(1.76)

1.27(0.88)

Salivary alpha-amylase (U/ml)

Control

33.39(28.10)

33.35(30.36)

38.82(36.22)

Comfort

44.36(40.22)

37.22(33.24)

38.82(36.22)

Music

43.03(35.46)

38.30(27.55)

44.39(43.03)

Paro

46.36(41.71)

44.19(40.41)

44.88(27.95)

Total

41.79(36.64)

38.27(33.05)

42.99(54.30)

  1. Note: M = mean, SD = standard deviation, VAS = visual analogue scale.