Figure 2
From: Computational translation of drug effects from animal experiments to human ventricular myocytes
Upper left; illustration of an animal cardiomyocyte that express three types of ion-channels (proteins) in the myocyte membrane surface (sarcolemma). Two of the proteins are also present in the membrane of the human cardiomyocyte (upper right). Note that the human ventricular myocyte also express an additional type of protein not present in the animal cell. In the lower panels, both the animal and the human cardiomyocytes are subjected to a blocking drug that binds to one of the protein types. An essential assumption for allowing quantitative translation of animal measurements to estimates of the effect of human cells is that, at the level of a single protein, the effect of the drug is independent of whether the protein is expressed in human or an animal cell membrane.
