Figure 3
Illustration of the THz-ATR (a–c) and fluorescence (d–e) measurements. (a) Bright-field (top) and THz-ATR (bottom) images of areas covered (left) or not (right) with the MDCK epithelial cell monolayer. (b) Representative examples of the THz-ATR relative signal of a sample along the X axis (dotted horizontal line in a) at three times: before, 5 and 35 min after the delivery of the electric pulses. (c) Example of the time-evolution of the normalized THz-ATR relative signal of live MDCK cells exposed to µsPEF. Square corresponds to the measurements and the black line to the fitted mathematical function reported in the same panel. (d) Representative example of YO-PRO-1 fluorescence time-lapse images of live MDCK cells exposed to µsPEF. The delivery of the electric pulses was at time 00:00. For each image, the relative acquisition time was reported. Scale bars = 100 μm. (e) Example of the time-evolution of the normalized YO-PRO-1 fluorescence relative signal of live MDCK cells exposed to µsPEF. Circle corresponds to the measurements and the grey line to the fitted mathematical function reported in the same panel. For all these graphs, the parameters of the µsPEF were 8 pulses, 1250 V/cm, 100 μs and 1 Hz.
