Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Influence of surface defect density on the ultrafast hot carrier relaxation and transport in \({\hbox {Cu}}_2 {\hbox {O}}\) photoelectrodes

Fig. 1

Principles of tr-2PPE. The bands and the electron dynamics at the surface are depicted in real space as function of depth (left), time delay in tr-2PPE (center), and in momentum space (right panel). By absorption of a pump photon, an electron is excited from the VB into the CB within the excitation depth. Subsequently, it can relax by scattering into lower-lying states and drift towards the surface, or else be trapped in a defect state DS. At the surface and at the band minimum close to \({\overline{\Gamma }}\) the electron can be emitted by absorption of a probe photon and eventually detected; the range accessible in 2PPE in real and momentum space is visualized by the yellow rectangles.

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