Table 1 Comparison of the baseline characteristics between the living and deceased groups with up-sampled data.

From: The major effects of health-related quality of life on 5-year survival prediction among lung cancer survivors: applications of machine learning

Variable

Balanced up-sampled data

Living (N = 713)

Deceased (N = 713)

p-value

n %

n %

Age (years)

62.51 ± 8.55

 

66.21 ± 8.31

 

< 0.001

< 65

393

63.3

228

36.7

< 0.001

≥ 65

320

39.8

485

60.2

Sex

Female

177

69.4

78

30.6

< 0.001

Male

537

45.8

635

54.2

Monthly income (USD)

≥ 3,000

207

69.5

91

30.5

< 0.001

< 3,000

506

44.9

622

55.1

Education

≥ High school degree

185

56.4

143

43.6

0.01

< High school degree

528

48.1

570

51.9

Currently married

Yes

655

50

656

50

0.92

No

58

50.4

57

49.6

FEV1/FVC

72.55 ± 15.11

65.77 ± 10.62

< 0.001

(FEV1/FVC)*100 ≥ 0.7

454

61.7

282

38.3

< 0.001

(FEV1/FVC)*100 < 0.7

259

37.5

431

62.5

Local tumor invasion

No

253

62.3

153

37.7

< 0.001

Yes

460

45.1

560

54.9

Regional lymph node metastasis

No

508

53.2

446

46.8

< 0.001

Yes

205

43.4

267

56.6

Stage

Stage 0–I

464

56.9

352

43.1

< 0.001

Stage II–III

249

40.8

361

59.2

Recurrence

No

630

62.8

373

37.2

< 0.001

Yes

83

19.6

340

80.4

Number of comorbidities

0

320

49

333

51

0.49

≥ 1

393

50.8

380

49.2

Treatment type

OP

435

51.7

417

48.6

< 0.001

OP + RT

41

37.6

68

62.4

OP + CT

193

53.6

167

46.4

OP + CT + RT

44

40

66

60

Time since diagnosis

2.93 ± 1.59

2.983 ± 1.68

0.29

≥ 3 years

307

53

272

47

0.06

< 3 years

406

47.9

441

52.1

  1. OP, operation; RT, radiation therapy; CT, chemotherapy; FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory volume 1/forced vital capacity.