Figure 7

Effects of dsRNA injection of male-biased NlPPP1 on N. lugens survival rate (A), Eclosion ratio (B). Gene transcription levels were relative to the control GFP normalized to the internal control (β-actin and 18 s rDNA). Duncan’s tests were used to determine differences between the treatment and control. The histogram bars (mean ± SEM) labeled with the same letter are not significantly different at p < 0.05.