Table 1 Schematic diagram of bit states 0 and 1 in spin-torque devices and magnetoelectric(ME) devices represented by the red and yellow arrows respectively.

From: Demonstration of a pseudo-magnetization based simultaneous write and read operation in a Co60Fe20B20/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3 heterostructure

 

Bit 1

Bit 0

Spin-torque devices

<mx>  = 1

<mx>  = − 1

Strain control devices

μ =  <mx2 − my2>  = 1

μ =  <mx2 − my2>  = − 1

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