Figure 2

Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images and the corresponding non-linear images (SHG & THG) of benign (grade 0) and malignant (grade I, grade II, grade III) breast tissues. Characteristic THG images (cyan) of tissues show intracellular inhomogeneities, while SHG images (red) indicate collagen (scanning area ~ 150 μm2). Black squares in the H&E images indicate the regions that were scanned during the non-linear imaging measurements. The second column presents the zoomed H&E images. Red squares in the THG images represent the area that is enlarged in the third column (scanning area ~ 45 × 45μm2) to identify the cells. White arrows indicate typical cancer cells in the tissues. Scale bar depicts 5 μm for non-linear images and 10 μm for H&E images.