Figure 5
From: Ultraviolet aging study on bitumen modified by a composite of clay and fumed silica nanoparticles
Complex modulus and phase angle of modified bitumen with CS-NPs before laboratory aging (a, c, e, g) and after (b, d, f, h) short-term aging in the Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT), with different concentrations: without CS-NPs (a, b), with 0.1 wt.% CS-NPs (c, d), with 0.2 wt.% CS-NPs (e, f), and with 0.3 wt.% CS-NPs (e, g).
