Figure 2
From: Revealing excess protons in the infrared spectrum of liquid water

(A) Nine principal water species, present in light and heavy water (groups 1 and 2, respectively), and in their mixtures (all three groups). The rows correspond to neutral molecules (row i) and positively (row ii) and negatively (row iii) charged ions. (B) Percentage of the water species in pure \(\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}\) (red), pure \(\hbox {D}_2\hbox {O}\) (blue) and their 1:1 mixture (shaded) according to Table 4; note the logarithmic scale on the y-axis. (C) Differences in ion concentrations obtained after subtraction of the normalized bars for pure light and heavy water (red and blue) from the ones for the mixtures (shaded), according to Eq.(1). Numbers near zero-lines are the molar fractions f. The data shown in panel (B) correspond to the middle raw in panel (C).