Table 2 Comparison of duration of surgery, bleeding volume, and number of lymph node dissections between group A and group B.

From: Usefulness of three-dimensional printing of superior mesenteric vessels in right hemicolon cancer surgery

Variable

Operative team

Overall

3D-printing group

3D-image group

Control group

Duration of surgery (min)

Group A

172.5 ± 23.7**

152.5 ± 21.2**##

171.4 ± 21.5**#

191.4 ± 10.4*

Group B

146.8 ± 26.7

128.2 ± 10.1##

139.7 ± 20.1#

168.0 ± 26.9

Bleeding volume (mL)

Group A

109.0 ± 32.1*

83.1 ± 16.2## + 

112.2 ± 33.8*

128.9 ± 26.7**

Group B

83.7 ± 30.5

70.5 ± 37.4

84.5 ± 23.7

94.2 ± 26.0

Number of lymph node dissections

Group A

15.2 ± 3.5

17.4 ± 2.6

14.5 ± 3.2*

14.6 ± 3.8

Group B

17.7 ± 4.2

20.7 ± 4.1##

19.0 ± 3.3##

15.5 ± 3.7

  1. Group A. Surgeons with less surgical experience or novice surgeons.
  2. Group B. Surgeons with more surgical experience.
  3. *P < 0.05, when group A was compared with group B.
  4. **P < 0.01, when group A was compared with group B.
  5. #P < 0.05, when 3D-printing group or 3D-image group was compared with control group,
  6. ##P < 0.01, when 3D-printing group or 3D-image group was compared with control group.
  7. +P < 0.05, when 3D-printing group was compared with 3D-image group.
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