Table 2 Shoot and root architectural responses of rice to localized and conventional P application (Experiment 3).

From: P-dipping of rice seedlings increases applied P use efficiency in high P-fixing soils

 

Shoot biomass (g box−1)

Shoot P uptake (mg P box−1)

Root biomass

(g box−1)

Total root length (cm)

Nodal root length (cm)

Nodal root number

Basal lateral root density score

Secondary branching degree score

Root cone angle (°)

Relative root allocation to the topsoil layer

Pdip

1.8a

2.69a

0.64a

7208a

2796a

95.9a

7.1a

3.9a

160.8a

0.21a

Pinco

1.6a

2.73a

0.43b

6027b

2405b

77.8b

5.2b

3.1b

150.3b

0.17b

P

ns

ns

*

**

**

**

**

**

**

**

Sand (S)

ns

ns

*

**

**

**

**

**

**

ns

P × S

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

ns

  1. Pdip: P-dipping (90 mg P2O5 box−1), Pinco: P incorporation (300 mg P2O5 box−1).
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ns = not significant at 5% level. Different letters within a column indicate significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 using Tukey’s HSD test.
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