Figure 3

Plasma ion and corticosteroid response to SW exposure. Changes in concentrations of (A) plasma chloride ([Cl−]) (P < 0.001) and (B) plasma 11-deoxycortisol ([S]) (P = 0.007) in mid-metamorphic (early-Oct) sea lamprey after 24 h exposure to freshwater (FW) or various dilutions of seawater (SW; dashed bars). Values represent mean ± SEM and data points with different letters are significantly different (n = 4–6; one-way ANOVA; Tukey’s post hoc).