Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: PD-L1 expression in bone marrow plasma cells as a biomarker to predict multiple myeloma prognosis: developing a nomogram-based prognostic model

Figure 1

Immunofluorescence analysis of PD-L1 expression in bone marrow-aspirated plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma. (A) Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded bone marrow aspirate specimens (clot section) from myeloma patients were sectioned at 4–5 µm. The sections were then incubated with antibodies to CD138 (1:100) and PD-L1 (1:100) overnight at 4 °C, followed by incubation with the appropriate secondary antibodies (Alexa Fluor 488, 1:200 and Alexa Fluor 647, 1:200) at room temperature for one hour. Nuclei were counterstained using DAPI, and all images were captured using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM 800, Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH). Original magnification × 200. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images for the PD-L1 expression scores and groups based on the predetermined cut-off value of 7.65. (C) The distribution of the PD-L1 expression scores in patients with multiple myeloma. PD-L1 programmed death-ligand 1.

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