Table 3 Metamaterial sensor application and sensing method comparison other than open-ended coaxial probe.
From: SNG and DNG meta-absorber with fractional absorption band for sensing application
Ref. paper | Method | Key parameter identification | MUT | Method accuracy | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TRL | Complex permittivity (ε) and permeability (µ) | Low loss sample | Medium good | Robust algorithm can improve results | |
Resonant | S21 resonance shifting is the critical point | Methanol–water and ethanol–water | Very good | detection of fluidics | |
FSM | S21 resonance shifting is the critical point | NaCl and C2H4O2 substances | Medium good | impurities level identity | |
Resonant | S21 resonance shifting is the critical point | Oil, methanol, glycerol and water | Very good | Dielectric properties | |
TRL | Determination of permittivity | Microfluid | Medium good | Phase shift method for calculation |
