Table 1 Statistical evaluation# of the placement of the Kaharoa Tepha at different points of the Cross Creek sequence.

From: Vital evidence: Change in the marine 14C reservoir around New Zealand (Aotearoa) and implications for the timing of Polynesian settlement

Placement of Kaharoa Tephra^

Reservoir correction method used

ΔR = − 7 ± 45 14C years** (derived from modern pre-AD 1950 shells)

ΔR = − 42 ± 44 14C years ** (derived from black coral dataset; Table S2)

ΔR = − 15 ± 24 14C years** (derived from archaeological dataset; Table S2)

New marine curve

Before layer 9

P = 21

P = 8

P = 13

P = 3

Amodel = 107.5

Amodel = 136.1

Amodel = 95.8

Amodel = 158

Between layers 7 and 9*

P = 26

P = 26

P = 26

P = 20

Amodel = 106.3

Amodel = 136.8

Amodel = 95.4

Amodel = 156.9

After layer 7*

P = 13

P = 28

P = 17

P = 46

Amodel = 107.6

Amodel = 134.9

Amodel = 96.2

Amodel = 158.7

  1. #P = probability that this determination occupies that position as determined using the Outlier () function in OxCal with no parameters set (this enables the program to calculate the probability that a sample is at a particular point in the sequence)46 (OxCal code given in Text S4).
  2. ^The calendar age of the Kaharoa Tephra is modelled at 2σ resolution within these models (i.e., 1314 ± 12 AD).
  3. *Layers 8 and 6 are non-cultural deposits. Layer 8 is considered by Furey et al.45 to be the Kaharoa Tephra.
  4. **Calibrated using Marine1314 with specified ΔR correction applied.
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