Table 3 Predicted rates of annual retinal thinning and brain volume loss in relation to inflammatory activity and time from MS onset.

Years from MS onset	Area	Activity	No activity	Ratio activity/no activity (95% CI)
Year 1	GCIPL	2.24	1.21	1.84 (1.16; 3.11)
	pRNFL	1.26	1.62	1.28 (0.72; 2.14)
	Whole brain	1.32	0.57	2.32 (1.48; 4.22)
	Gray matter	1.10	0.67	1.64 (0.93; 2.98)
	Thalamus	2.56	0.47	5.29 (2.06; 32.71)
Year 2	GCIPL	1.81	1.03	1.74 (1.15; 2.75)
	pRNFL	1.16	1.42	1.22 (0.76; 1.84)
	Whole brain	0.96	0.52	1.84 (1.31; 2.68)
	Gray matter	0.84	0.58	1.44 (0.96; 2.17)
	Thalamus	1.92	0.59	3.27 (2.08; 6.58)
Year 3	GCIPL	1.37	0.85	1.61 (1.13; 2.37)
	pRNFL	1.06	1.22	1.15 (0.81; 1.59)
	Whole brain	0.70	0.49	1.43 (1.10; 1.89)
	Gray matter	0.65	0.53	1.25 (0.91; 1.69)
	Thalamus	1.46	0.68	2.15 (1.59; 3.14)
Year 4	GCIPL	0.67	0.93	1.39 (1.01; 1.98)
	pRNFL	0.96	1.02	1.07 (0.83; 1.36)
	Whole brain	0.52	0.47	1.13 (0.86; 1.46)
	Gray matter	0.53	0.49	1.09 (0.81; 1.48)
	Thalamus	1.14	0.74	1.53 (1.18; 2.09)
Year 5	GCIPL	0.49	0.50	1.01 (0.52; 1.88)
	pRNFL	0.85	0.82	0.96 (0.70; 1.29)
	Whole brain	0.42	0.45	0.94 (0.69; 1.24)
	Gray matter	0.47	0.46	0.98 (0.69; 1.35)
	Thalamus	0.94	0.79	1.2 (0.90; 1.61)
Year 10	GCIPL	0.54	0.58	1.09 (0.77; 1.52)
	pRNFL	0.79	0.70	0.99 (0.80; 1.22)
	Whole brain	0.44	0.43	1.04 (0.80; 1.32)
	Gray matter	0.48	0.48	1.01 (0.77; 1.31)
	Thalamus	0.84	0.77	1.14 (0.89; 1.46)
Year 15	GCIPL	0.59	0.583	1.15 (0.84; 1.59)
	pRNFL	0.71	0.73	1.03 (0.79; 1.32)
	Whole brain	0.42	0.32	1.33 (0.97; 1.86)
	Gray matter	0.47	0.39	1.20 (0.87; 1.65)
	Thalamus	0.88	0.58	1.51 (0.13; 2.15)

The data represents the predicted annualized rates (%/year) of retinal thinning and brain volume loss using linear splines mixed effect models. In addition to estimates, we added ratios to ease interpretation. The 95% confident intervals were calculated by parametric bootstraps and significant differences are indicated in bold.

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