Figure 5
From: Interannual monsoon wind variability as a key driver of East African small pelagic fisheries
An Advective impact along the NEMC path of nutrients rich and cold waters from the Madagascar northern tip to the Tanzanian coast during Sep02 and the climatology (1997–2015). A cross-section (T0) from 39 to 65°E of modelled temperature in °C (a,d), Chl-a in mg/m3 (b,e) and DIN in mmol/m3 (c,f) is displayed along the latitude line 10° S as indicated with the black line on panel (g). The MLD in m of Sep02 and the climatology are represented by the black solid and dashed lines respectively on panel (b). The 2 mmol/m3 isopleth is highlighted with a thick black line on panels (c) and (f). (g) Trajectories of virtual particles backtracked from the East African coastal zones (marked with light yellow dots) in Sep02 and Sep11, back to their upstream sources in the surface Indian Ocean up to 100 days prior. Colours denote the ‘connectivity timescale’—i.e. the minimum amount of time, in days, required for waters from a given area to reach any of the end points on the East African coast. Note that reds/oranges paths are plotted on top of blues/purples to highlight the most rapid advective pathways in both cases. Maps on panel (g) was created by the authors using MATLAB software vR2013a (see https://uk.mathworks.com/videos/r2013a-release-highlights-75269.html and https://uk.mathworks.com/products/matlab.html).
