Figure 2

In situ Raman spectroscopy under voltage application. (a) Schematic cross section of the sample, which is drawn neglecting the light refraction. (b) Raman spectra when V = 0 V and when the laser spot is focused on the half-depth area of the ionic liquid (IL spectrum) and the interface between the ionic liquid and the LCCO film (IL/LCCO spectrum). The IL/LCCO–IL spectrum shows an increase in intensity compared with the IL and IL/LCCO spectra, where IL/LCCO has been normalized so that the peak at ~ 3,000 cm⁻¹ in DEME⁺³⁰ disappears in the IL/LCCO–IL spectrum. (c) Change in the IL/LCCO–IL spectrum by repetitive voltage application and short-circuiting, as shown in (d). (e) V dependence of the change in intensity at ~ 2,000 cm⁻¹.