Table 11 Different anti-radical scavenging activity of E. purpurea rhizomata cum radicibus under various treatments.

From: Improving growth properties and phytochemical compounds of Echinacea purpurea (L.) medicinal plant using novel nitrogen slow release fertilizer under greenhouse conditions

Anti-radical

Slow release fertilizer

Urea

50 mM

100 mM

150 mM

50 mM

100 mM

150 mM

DPPH (%)

25.36b ± 0.95

28.95ab ± 0.36

31.22a ± 0.33

12.62d ± 0.36

20.31c ± 0.18

26.12b ± 0.26

Super oxide (%)

15.39cd ± 0.73

19.21bc ± 0.55

23.66b ± 0.65

12.36d ± 0.98

13.65d ± 0.42

28.76a ± 0.14

Nitric oxide (%)

28.24bc ± 0.68

32.19b ± 0.48

40.36a ± 0.15

19.21d ± 0.23

26.25c ± 0.36

31.42b ± 0.36

ABTS (%)

10.23d ± 0.59

15.23b ± 0.67

20.95a ± 0.29

8.26d ± 0.51

12.84c ± 0.11

16.63b ± 0.47

  1. Data were expressed as the mean of three replicates ± standard deviation (n = 3).
  2. Values within a row followed by different letters are significantly different at the 0.01 probability level.
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